* 1.0 Network Fundamentals * 1.1 Explain the role and function of network components * 1.1 a Routers A router is a device on Layer 3, the network layer, that forwards traffic between local area networks based on their IP addresses. Routers have a routing table that lists known networks and the best paths to reach them. Routers are an essential part for breaking up broadcast domains, enabling communication between different IP networks, and applying network policies. * 1.1.b Layer 2 and Layer 3 Switches A Layer 2 switch forwards frames through a network based on the destination MAC address in the Layer 2 header. A Layer 3 Switch is a multilayer switch that operates on Layer 3, the network layer. * 1.1.c Next-generation firewalls and IPS * 1.1.d Access Points * 1.1.e Controllers (Cisco DNA Center and WLC) * 1.1.f Endpoints * 1.1.g Servers Servers provide services to clients. * 1.1.h PoE * 1.2 Describe characteristics of network topology architectures * 1.2.a Two-tier * 1.2.b Three-tier * 1.2.c Spine-leaf * 1.2.d WAN * 1.2.e Small office/home office (SOHO) * 1.2.f On-premises and cloud * 1.3 Compare physical interface and cabling types * 1.3.a Single-mode fiber, multimode fiber, copper * 1.3.b Connections (Ethernet shared media and point-to-point) * 1.4 Identify interface and cable issues (collisions,errors, mismatch duplex, and/or speed) * * 1.5 Compare TCP and UDP * 1.6 Configure and verify IPv4 addressing and subnetting * 1.7 Describe private IPv4 addressing * 1.8 Configure and verify IPv6 addressing and prefix * 1.9 Describe IPv6 address types * 1.9.a Unicast (global, unique local, and link local) * 1.9.b Anycast * 1.9.c Multicast * 1.9.d MOdified EUI 64 * 1.10 Verify IP parameters for Client OS (Windows, Mac OS, Linux) * 1.11 Describe wireless principles * 1.10.a Nonoverlapping Wi-Fi channels * 1.10.b SSID * 1.10.c RF * 1.10.d Encryptio * 1.12 Explain virtulaization fundamentals (server virtualiation, containers, and VRFs) * 1.13 Describe switching concepts * 1.13.a MAC learning and aging * 1.13.b Frame switching * 1.13.c Frame flooding * 1.13.d MAC address table * 2.0 Network Access * 2.1 Configure and verify VLANs (normal range) spanning multiple switches 2.1.a Access ports (data and voice) 2.1.b Default VLAN 2.1.c InterVLAN connectivity * 2.2 Configure and verify interswitch connectivity 2.2.a Trunk ports 2.2.b 802.1Q 2.2.c Native VLAN * 2.3 Configure and verify Layer 2 discovery protocols (Cisco Discovery Protocol and LLDP) * 2.4 Configure and verify (Layer 2/Layer 3) EtherChannel (LACP) * 2.5 Interpret basic operations of Rapid/ PVST+ Spanning Tree Protocol * 2.5.a Root port, root bridge (primary/secondary), and other port names * 2.5.b Port states and roles * 2.5.c PortFast * 2.5.d Root guard, loop guard, BPDU filter and BPDU guard * 2.6 Describe Cisco Wireless Architectures and AP modes * 2.7 Describe physical infrastructure connections of WLAN components (AP, WLC, access/trunk ports and LAG) * 2.8 Describe network device management access (Telnet, SSH, HTTP, HTTPS, console, TACAS+/RADIUS, and LAG) * 2.9 Interpret the wireless LAN GUI configuration for client connectivity, such as WLAN creation, security settings, QoS profiles, and advanced settings * 3.0 IP Connectivity * 3.1 Interpret the components of routing table * 3.1.a Routing protocols code * 3.1.b Prefix * 3.1.c Network mask * 3.1.d Next hop * 3.1.e Administrative distance * 3.1.f Metric * 3.1.g Gateway of last restore * 3.2 Determing how a router makes forwarding decision by default * 3.2.a Longest prefix match * 3.2.b ADministrative distance * 3.2.c Routing protocol metric * 3.3 Configure and verify IPv4 and IPv6 static routing * 3.3.a Default route * 3.3.b Network route * 3.3.c Host route * 3.3.d Floating static * 3.4 Configure and verify single area OSPFv2 * 3.4.a Neighbor adjacencies * 3.4.b Point-to-point * 3.4.c Broadcast (DR/BDR selection) * 3.4.d Router ID * 3.5 Describe the purpose, functions, and concepts of the first hop redundancy protocols * 4.0 IP Services * 4.1 Configure and verify inside source NAT using static and pools * 4.2 Configure and verify NTP operating in a client and server mode * 4.3 Explain the role of DHCP and DNS within the network * 4.4 Explain the function of SNMP in network operations * 4.5 Describe the use of syslog features, including facilities and severity levels * 4.6 Configure and verify DHCP client and relay * 4.7 Explain the forwarding per-hop behavior (PHB) for QOS such as classifcation, marking, queuing, congestion, policing, and shaping * 4.8 Configure network devices for remote access using SSH * 4.9 Describe the capabilities and functions of TFTP/FTP in the network * 5.0 Security Fundamentals * 5.1 Define key security concepts (threats, vulnerabilites, exploits, and mitigation techniques) * 5.2 Describe security program elements (user awareness, training and physical access control) * 5.3 Configure and verify device access control using local passwords * 5.4 Describe Security password policy elements, such as management, complexity, and password alternatives (multifactor authentication, certificates, and biometrics) * 5.5 Describe IPsec remote access and site-to-site VPNs * 5.6 Configure and verify access control lists * 5.7 Configure and verify Layer 2 security features (DHCP snooping, dynmaic ARP inspection, and port security) * 5.8 Compare authentication, authorization, and accounting concepts * 5.9 Describe wireless security protocols (WPA, WPA2, and WPA3) * 5.10 configure and verify WLAN within the GUI using WPA2 PSK * 6.1 Explain how automation impacts network management * 6.2 Compare traditional networks and controller-based networking * 6.3 Describe controller-based,software defined architecture (overlay, underlay, and fabric) * 6.3.a Seperation of control plane and data plane * 6.3.b Northbound and Southbound APIs * 6.4 Explain AI (generative and predictive) and machine learning in network operations * 6.5 Describe characteristics of REST-based APIs (authentication types, CRUD, HTTP verbs, and data encoding) * 6.6 Recoginize the capabilities of configuration management mechanisms such as Ansible and Terraform * 6.7 Recognize compenents `kc5$2}{(oZFcVd[v`